There are two main types of trauma: single-event trauma and complex trauma.
A traumatic event, categorized as single-event trauma, is an incident that causes physical, emotional, spiritual, or psychological harm. The individual who experiences this distressing event may feel threatened, anxious, or frightened as a result. In some cases, they may not know how to respond or might be in denial about the effects such an event has had on them.
Examples of events that can lead to single-event trauma include accidents, the death of a loved one, rape, rejection, and witnessing a distressing event.
If the traumatic event is not too overwhelming, individuals can often recover with the compassionate support of family and friends. However, for some people, the trauma from a single event may not dissipate and can develop into more severe conditions, such as complex trauma or Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Fortunately, many individuals find that the trauma caused by a single event can be successfully treated with a short course of counseling or therapy with a skilled practitioner.
Complex trauma refers to the exposure of children to multiple traumatic events, often of an invasive and interpersonal nature, which may persist over many years. This type of trauma, distinct from single-event trauma, results in wide-ranging, long-term effects that can extend well into adulthood and profoundly impact individuals' lives. These traumatic experiences are severe and pervasive, including sexual and psychological abuse or profound neglect. While they typically occur early in life, they can disrupt various aspects of a child's development and hinder the formation of a stable sense of self. Because these events often involve a caregiver or someone known to the family, they can severely disrupt the child's ability to form secure attachments. Healthy physical and mental development in children relies heavily on a foundation of safety and stability during early childhood. When this foundation is absent, the consequences can be long-lasting. In later life, individuals may also experience complex trauma through involvement in abusive relationships characterized by coercive control, as well as physical, sexual, and psychological abuse, highlighting the various trauma types that can affect a person throughout their life.
At Survivors Unite, we believe and have evidence that individuals can and do recover from complex trauma, as well as from other trauma types, including single-event trauma. This recovery process can take substantial time and commitment. Various therapies and counseling traditions are available to aid in this healing journey. Flexible and longer-term support is crucial.
Our services are client-led, free, and we offer flexible support that includes peer support, counseling, and a facilitated support group. Contact us if you would like assistance or if you want to learn more.
